Chemical industry is a high-risk industry prone to fire, explosion and other disasters.

Chemical enterprises produce and store mostly flammable, explosive, toxic or corrosive substances

What are the main characteristics of dangerous goods?

1. Combustibility

Combustible gases, flammable liquids, flammable solids, spontaneous combustibles and wet flammable articles, organic peroxides, etc. in explosives, compressed gases and liquefied gases may be burned when conditions are available.

2. Explosive

Dangerou goods such as explosives, compressed and liquefied gases, flammable liquids, flammable solids, spontaneous combustibles and wet flammable articles, oxidants and organic peroxides may cause explosive accidents due to their chemical and flammable properties.

3. Corrosiveness

Strong acid, alkali and other substances can cause damage to human tissues, metals and other items, contact with human skin, eyes, or lungs, esophagus, etc., will cause damage to the epidermal tissue and cause burns. Burns to internal organs can cause inflammation and even death.

4. Toxicity

Many dangerous chemicals can enter the human body and animals through one or more ways, when it accumulates in the human body to a certain amount, it will disturb or destroy the normal physiological functions of the body, cause temporary and lasting pathological changes, and even endanger life.

A. Basic requirements for the storage of dangerous goods

(1) Storage of dangerous goods can be divided into three types:

A. Isolated storage. Refers to the storage method of separating a certain distance between different items in the same room or the same area, and using channels to maintain space between non-taboo materials.

B. Separate the storage. Refers to the storage method in the same building or the same area, with partitions or walls, to separate it from prohibited materials (chemical materials with conflicting chemical properties or different fire extinguishing methods).

C. Separate and store. The storage of dangerous goods should be in different buildings or outside areas away from all buildings.

(2) According to the performance of dangerous goods, zoning, classification, sub-storage. All kinds of dangerous goods shall not be mixed with contraindicated materials.

(3) Smoking and fireworks are strictly prohibited in buildings and areas where dangerous goods are stored.

(4) Highly toxic chemical warehouse managers must achieve: "four without guarantees" and strictly abide by the "five double" system. (The "four no guarantees" means no theft, no accidents, no loss, no violations, and security. The "five pairs" system refers to double transceiver, double use, double transport, double lock and double account.)

B. Storage site requirements

(1) The building storing dangerous goods shall not have a basement or other underground building, and its fire resistance grade, number of floors, floor area, safety evacuation and fire distance shall comply with the relevant provisions of the State.

(2) The setting of storage sites and the design of building structures should not only comply with the relevant national regulations, but also consider the impact on the surrounding environment and residents.

(3) Electrical installation of storage sites.

Fire power facilities in dangerous goods storage buildings and places should fully meet the needs of fire power and comply with the relevant provisions of the Code for Fire Protection in Building Design (GB 50016-2014).

(4) Ventilation and temperature regulation of the storage place.

Buildings storing dangerous goods must install ventilation equipment and pay attention to the protective measures of the equipment.

The building exhaust system for storing dangerous goods shall be equipped with a grounding device for conducting and removing static electricity.

Ventilation ducts shall be made of non-combustible materials.

Ventilation ducts should not pass through fireproof partitions such as firewalls. If necessary, they should be separated by non-combustible materials.

The heat medium temperature of building heating for storing dangerous goods should not be too high. Such as hot water temperature should not exceed 60℃. Steam heating and mechanical heating shall not be used.

Piping and equipment must be made of non-combustible materials.

C. Storage arrangement and storage limit

(1) Dangerous goods storage arrangements depend on dangerous goods classification, itemization, container type, storage method and fire protection requirements.

(2) Dangerous goods that can cause explosion or chemical reaction in case of fire, humidity or tide, and produce toxic gases shall not be stored in the open air or in damp and waterlogged buildings.

(3) Dangerous goods that are exposed to sunlight and can cause chemical reactions to burn, explode, decompose, combine or produce toxic gases should be stored in fire-resistant grade I buildings, and their packaging should take measures to avoid light.

(4) Explosives must not be stored with other types of items, must be isolated and limited storage, warehouses must not be built in cities and towns, and should also maintain a certain safe distance from the surrounding, traffic arteries, and power transmission lines.

(5) Compressed gas and liquefied gas must be isolated from explosives, oxidizing agents, flammable materials, spontaneous combustion materials, corrosive materials. Flammable gas shall not be stored with combustive gas and highly toxic gas, and oxygen shall not be mixed with oil and fat for storage. The container containing liquefied gas is a pressure vessel, there must be a pressure gauge, safety valve, emergency cutting device, and regular inspection, not overloading.

(6) Flammable liquids, wet burning items, flammable solids shall not be mixed with oxidizers for storage, and reductive oxidizers shall be stored separately.

(7) Toxic substances should be stored in a cool, ventilated, dry place, not open storage, not close to acidic substances.

(8) Corrosive items, packaging must be tight, do not allow leakage, and strictly prohibit coexistence with other items.

4. Maintenance of dangerous goods warehouse

(1) When dangerous goods are stored, the quality, quantity and packaging of the goods should be strictly inspected, and there is no leakage.

(2) After the storage of dangerous goods, appropriate maintenance measures should be taken, and the quality changes, packaging damage, leakage, stabilizer shortage, etc. found in regular inspection during the storage period should be dealt with in time.

(3) The temperature and humidity of the warehouse should be strictly controlled, checked frequently, and adjusted in time when changes are found.

(4) According to the nature of the stored chemicals, the temperature of the chemical warehouse should be controlled between -10℃ and +35℃.

Safe storage of dangerous goods is a key link in the transport of dangerous goods.

Below is the picture of our own dangerous goods warehouse.